| YDS GRAMER TİYOLARI
TENSES |
| SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR |
| Always
Usually / Generally / Most of the time / Mostly Often / Frequently / Sometimes / At times / Occassionally / From time to time / Once in a while (Every) Now and then / (Every) Now and again Seldom / Rarely Barely / Hardly (ever) / Scarcely (ever) / Never / Never ever Every Every year, every day, each year, Every two years Every other day , every other month Once a year / Twice a week / Three times a day Ever Still How often |
| ÖNEMLİ HATIRLATMA !!!
TENSE’LERİ ANLATIRKEN BURADA VERDİĞİMİZ ZAMAN BELİRTEÇLERİ SADECE BU ZAMANLARLA DEĞİL, BAŞKA ZAMANLARLA DA KULLANILABİLİR. LİSTELER YAYGIN KULLANIMLARI ESAS ALINARAK YAPILMIŞTIR. |
| TENSES |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE AM, IS, ARE VERB+ING
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR: |
| Now
At the moment Still I am still working in İzmir. Presently Currently Right now For the time being Look/ Listen Nowadays These days Tomorrow More and more / bigger and bigger |
| TENSES |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES |
| SIMPLE PAST TENSE V2
SIMPLE PAST TENSE SEVEN ARAÇLAR |
| Yesterday Last night Ago in 1955 When I was Until World War II Before World War II During World War II That night / On that day Previously / Formerly During the last weekend Einstein |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES |
| PRESENT PERFECT TENSE HAVE / HAS V3
PRESENT PERFECT SEVEN ARAÇLAR |
| Already
Just Yet Ever For Since Since…V2. , …Have/Has V3-been V+ing Recently-Lately Until now, So far, Up to now, Hitherto, To date In the last 2 weeks Over the last 2 weeks For the last 2 months During the last 2 years Twice, three times, four times Sharapova is the best player I have ever V3 This is the first time I have ever V3 STILL Sadece olumsuzda have/has v3 She still hasn’t called me. = She hasn’t called me yet. |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES |
| PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE HAVE/HAS BEEN VERB+ING Uzun sürebilecek fiil sever: |
| RUN
WORK LIVE SPEAK SWIM TEACH STUDY gibi. |
| Bir eylemi geçmişte yapmaya başladık ve şimdiye kadar da yapmaya devam ettiysek veya çok kısa süre önce yapmayı kestiysek bu tense’i kullanıyoruz. |
| Sonunda “FOR TWO YEARS, FOR A LONG TIME” gibi zaman belirteçlerine bayılır. |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE WAS/ WERE VERB+ING |
| TENSES |
| THIS TIME YESTERDAY
WHEN WHILE JUST AS AS |
| Past Continuous Tense’i daha çok konuştuğumuz eylem başka bir eylem tarafından kesildiğinde kullanıyoruz.
Eve giderken arkadaşıma rastladım. When I was going home, I ran into my friend. |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI TENSES |
| FUTURE TENSE WILL / WON’T WILL SEVENLER |
| I hope that he will_____________
I think that…. I believe that…. I am sure/confident/certain that I promise that.. |
| WILL HAVE V3 (Yapmış olacağım) |
| By the time By
Before |
| WILL BE V+ING (Yapıyor olacağım) |
| This time tomorrow |
| AM IS ARE GOING TO V1 (Planlı gelecek) |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI |
| TENSES |
| PAST PERFECT TENSE
PAST PERFECT TENSE HAD V3 Hatırlatma: |
| Tek cümlede tek başına kullanma ! Yanına PAST bir başka TENSE ister. |
| Bazı bağlaçlarla şık durur: |
| AFTER | |
| BEFORE | |
| AS SOON AS | |
| ONCE | |
| THE MOMENT | |
| BY THE TIME | |
| UNTIL | |
| BECAUSE | |
| HARDLY………….. | …WHEN……… |
| NO SOONER……. | ….THAN……… |
| ÖNEMLİ !!! |
| PAST PERFECT TENSE’İN CÜMLE İÇİNDEKİ YERİ ÇOK ÖNEMLİDİR. BU TENSE’İ KULLANDIĞI NIZ YER, CÜMLENİN DİĞER TARAFINDA KONUŞULAN EYLEMDEN DAHA ÖNCE OLMUŞ OLMALIDIR. BU ÖZELLİĞİ HER “HAD V3” GÖRDÜĞÜMÜZDE DENETLEMELİYİZ. |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE HAD BEEN V+ING
Past Perfect Tense’i kafamızda şöyle yerleştirelim: Was/Were ing sonuna “for 2 hours, for three days” eklenmiş hali. Sonda bunlar olunca was/were ing kullanamıyoruz. Yerine : had been verb+ing. |
| When I went home, he was sleeping.
When I went home, he had been sleeping for 3 hours. YASAKLAR: Bağlacın iki tarafı HAD V3 – HAD V3 OLMAZ! When, After,Before,Until,By the Time, As soon as PEŞİNDEN WILL GELMEZ! HAD V3 – HAVE,HAS V3 OLMAZ! HAD V3 – PRESENT TENSE’LER OLMAZ! |
| TENSES |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI
TENSE UYUMU İSTEYEN BAĞLAÇLAR |
| TENSES |
| When = As = Just as = While
After Before Until By the time As soon as The moment Once Hardly… when……. No sooner than….. As long as So long as Whenever / No matter when / Every time If / Unless / Provided (that) / Providing (that) On condition that / In the event that |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI |
| TENSES |
| TENSE UYUMU: FUTURE: |
| When.. GENİŞ ZAMAN/ HAVE-HAS V3, WILL V1
After Before By the time As soon as As long as |
| PAST: |
| When ………. PAST BİR TENSE…….. , | ….. PAST BİR TENSE………. |
| After | |
| Before | |
| By the time | |
| As soon as | |
| As long as | |
| ÖNEMLİ !!! | |
| Daha eski olan tarafta HAD V3 olur. HAD V3 – YANINA V2 İSTER. |
| ÜDS/KPDS GRAMER TİYOLARI |
| BY THE TIME
FUTURE: |
| TENSES |
| By the time.Present Tense/Have Has V3…, | …Will have V3 |
| By 2009 Will have V3 |
| PAST: |
| By the time…V2 , …V2 / Had V3 / was, were….ing |
| HARDLY HAD HE V3 WHEN … V2
NO SOONER HAD HE V3 THAN…. V2 |